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Richard Christopher Carrington (26 May 1826 – 27 November 1875) [2] was an English amateur astronomer whose 1859 astronomical observations demonstrated the existence of solar flares as well as suggesting their electrical influence upon the Earth and its aurorae; and whose 1863 records of sunspot observations revealed the differential rotation of the Sun.
The Carrington Event was the most intense geomagnetic storm in recorded history, peaking on 1–2 September 1859 during solar cycle 10. It created strong auroral displays that were reported globally and caused sparking and even fires in telegraph stations. [ 1 ]
The Carrington heliographic coordinate system, established by Richard C. Carrington in 1863, rotates with the Sun at a fixed rate based on the observed rotation of low-latitude sunspots. It rotates with a sidereal period of exactly 25.38 days, which corresponds to a mean synodic period of 27.2753 days.
Scientists analyzed famed astronomer Johannes Kepler’s 1607 sketches of sunspots to solve a ... first observed by English amateur astronomer Richard Christopher Carrington but further ...
Solar cycle 10 was the tenth solar cycle since 1755, when extensive recording of solar sunspot activity began. [1] [2] The solar cycle lasted 11.3 years, beginning in December 1855 and ending in March 1867. The maximum smoothed sunspot number observed during the solar cycle was 186.2 (February 1860), and the starting minimum was 6.0. [3]
On May 8, sunspot AR 3664, had grown so large it rivaled the Carrington sunspot of 1859. The Carrington sunspot emitted a series of intense solar flares and coronal mass ejections. It set fire to ...
The "Carrington longitude" of the same feature refers to an arbitrary fixed reference point of an imagined rigid rotation, as defined originally by Richard Christopher Carrington. Carrington determined the solar rotation rate from low latitude sunspots in the 1850s and arrived at 25.38 days for the sidereal rotation period.
A sunspot this large is easy enough to see from Earth; all that is needed is a solar filter or pair of eclipse glasses to protect your eyes from the sun's dangerous rays. Sunspot AR3664 compared ...