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The Babylonians were the first civilization known to possess a functional theory of the planets. [9] The oldest surviving planetary astronomical text is the Babylonian Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, a 7th-century BC copy of a list of observations of the motions of the planet Venus that probably dates as early as the second millennium BC.
The oldest significant astronomical text that we possess is Tablet 63 of the Enūma Anu Enlil, the Venus tablet of Ammi-saduqa, which lists the first and last visible risings of Venus over a period of about 21 years and is the earliest evidence that the phenomena of a planet were recognized as periodic.
Ninsianna, the "Red Queen of Heaven," was a divine representation of the planet Venus. [7] In the second millennium BCE this theonym could be used to represent the astral body in various works of Mesopotamian astronomy, though in the first millennium BCE the name Dilbat came to be used more commonly instead, with the exception of Neo-Babylonian Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, which relied on Old ...
Inanna was associated with the planet Venus, which is named after her Roman equivalent. [41] [88] [41] Several hymns praise Inanna in her role as the goddess or personification of the planet Venus. [89] Theology professor Jeffrey Cooley has argued that, in many myths, Inanna's movements may correspond with the movements of Venus across the sky ...
Oldest known recording of Venus positions, of the Babylonian Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa (1600 BC). In the Old Babylonian period, the planet Venus was known as Ninsi'anna, and later as Dilbat. [199] The name "Ninsi'anna" translates to "divine lady, illumination of heaven", which refers to Venus as the brightest visible "star".
Venus of Willendorf. A Venus figurine is any Upper Palaeolithic statue portraying a woman, usually carved in the round. [1] Most have been unearthed in Europe, but others have been found as far away as Siberia and distributed across much of Eurasia. Most date from the Gravettian period (26,000–21,000 years ago). [1]
The discovery of the Venus of Hohle Fels by the archaeological team led by Nicholas J. Conard of Universität Tübingen Abteilung Ältere Urgeschichte und Quartärökologie pushed back the date of the oldest known human figurative art, [a] by several millennia, [b] establishing that works of art were being produced throughout the Aurignacian Period.
What is now known as the planet Venus has long been an object of fascination for cultures worldwide. It is the second brightest object in the night sky, and follows a synodic cycle by which it seems to disappear for several days due to its proximity to the Sun, then re-appear on the opposite side of the Sun and on the other horizon.