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Durvalumab, [8] sold under the brand name Imfinzi, is an anti-cancer medication used for treatment of various types of cancer. [6] It was developed by Medimmune / AstraZeneca . [ 9 ] It is a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1κ) monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction of programmed cell death ligand 1 ( PD-L1 ).
Tremelimumab, sold under the brand name Imjudo, is a fully human monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer). [7] [8] Tremelimumab is designed to attach to and block CTLA-4, a protein that controls the activity of T cells, which are part of the immune system (the body’s natural defenses).
Avelumab (Bavencio) is a fully human IgG1 antibody developed by Merck Serono and Pfizer. Avelumab is FDA approved for the treatment of metastatic merkel-cell carcinoma. It failed phase III clinical trials for gastric cancer. [32] Durvalumab (Imfinzi) is a fully human IgG1 antibody developed by AstraZeneca.
Imfinzi is a human monoclonal antibody, which works by blocking a tumour's ability to evade and dampen the immune system, while also boosting the body's anti-cancer immune response, offering an ...
The approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration came after a late stage trial showed that Imfinzi along with chemotherapy drugs carboplatin and paclitaxel, then followed by Imfinzi by ...
By 2007, there were two fully human anti CTLA-4 [51] monoclonal antibodies in advanced clinical trials. Ipilimumab, which is an IgG1 isotype, and tremelimumab (from Pfizer) which is an IgG2 isotype. [52] [53]
Toripalimab, sold under the brand name Loqtorzi, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of melanoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. [1] [5] Toripalimab is a recombinant humanized programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody that acts as a checkpoint inhibitor.
The use of a drug of last resort may be based on agreement among members of a patient's care network, including physicians and healthcare professionals across multiple specialties, or on a patient's desire to pursue a particular course of treatment and a practitioner's willingness to administer that course.