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The idea of the crowding out effect, though not the term itself, has been discussed since at least the 18th century. [2] Economic historian Jim Tomlinson wrote in 2010: "All major economic crises in twentieth century Britain have reignited simmering debates about the impact of public sector expansion on economic performance.
Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society programs in the 1960s, when he was President of the United States, are examples of the guns versus butter model. While Johnson wanted to continue New Deal programs and expand welfare with his own Great Society programs, he was also involved in both the arms race of the Cold War and in the Vietnam War .
There are multiple dimensions of state capacity, as well as varied indicators of state capacity. [10] [11] In studies that use state capacity as a causal variable, it has frequently been measured as the ability to tax, provide public goods, enforce property rights, achieve economic growth or hold a monopoly on the use of force within a ...
Real estate economics is the application of economic techniques to real estate markets. It aims to describe and predict economic patterns of supply and demand . The closely related field of housing economics is narrower in scope, concentrating on residential real estate markets, while the research on real estate trends focuses on the business ...
This is also known as a common property resource, impure public good or sometimes erroneously as a common pool resource. [13] A common pool resource however is often managed the group of people that have access to that resource [14]. Examples of this can be air, water, sights, and sounds. Tragedy of the commons refers to this title. An example ...
In economics, the field of public finance deals with three broad areas: macroeconomic stabilization, the distribution of income and wealth, and the allocation of resources. . Much of the study of the allocation of resources is devoted to finding the conditions under which particular mechanisms of resource allocation lead to Pareto efficient outcomes, in which no party's situation can be ...
Fiscal capacity is the ability of the government to raise revenues, and is frequently measured as the proportion of gross domestic product generated by tax revenue. [2] [4] Overall, wealthier developed countries have larger, stronger tax administrations and raise more money through tax revenue than poorer, developing countries. [2]
[6] [7] [8] Quizlet's blog, written mostly by Andrew in the earlier days of the company, claims it had reached 50,000 registered users in 252 days online. [9] In the following two years, Quizlet reached its 1,000,000th registered user. [10] Until 2011, Quizlet shared staff and financial resources with the Collectors Weekly website. [11]