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Knob-and-tube wiring may also be damaged by building renovations. [11] Its cloth and rubber insulation can dry out and turn brittle. [ 10 ] It may also be damaged by rodents and careless activities such as hanging objects from wiring running in accessible areas like basements or attics.
The Carter system, also known as the Chicago system, was a method of wiring three-way switches in the era of early knob-and-tube wiring. This now-obsolete wiring method has been prohibited by the USA National Electrical Code since 1923, [2] even in new knob-and-tube installations which are still permitted under certain circumstances. This ...
The earliest standardized method of wiring in buildings, in common use in North America from about 1880 to the 1930s, was knob and tube (K&T) wiring: single conductors were run through cavities between the structural members in walls and ceilings, with ceramic tubes forming protective channels through joists and ceramic knobs attached to the ...
Special wiring rules apply to wet or corrosive locations, [13] and to locations which present an explosion hazard. [14] Wiring materials for use in the United States must generally be made and tested to product standards set by NEMA and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and must bear approval marks such as those set by UL.
In the U.S., old electrical installations, such as knob-and-tube wiring or aluminum building wiring, are not required to be updated to follow the modern National Electrical Code unless significant changes are made to the circuit.
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A knob-and-tube installation uses wires suspended in air. This gives them a greater heat dissipation rating than standard three-wire NM-2 cable , which includes two tightly bundled load and return wires.
Wiring systems in buildings may be subject to frequent alterations. Frequent wiring changes are made simpler and safer through the use of electrical conduit, as existing conductors can be withdrawn and new conductors installed, with little disruption along the path of the conduit. A conduit system can be made waterproof or submersible.
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