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Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
One of the most common devices for measuring temperature is the glass thermometer. This consists of a glass tube filled with mercury or some other liquid, which acts as the working fluid. Temperature increase causes the fluid to expand, so the temperature can be determined by measuring the volume of the fluid.
either (i) the volume increases when the temperature increases, or else (ii) the volume decreases when the temperature increases; but not (i) for some temperatures and (ii) for others; or (b) at a given fixed volume, either (i) the pressure increases when the temperature increases, or else (ii) the pressure decreases when the temperature increases;
Checking the temperature for the proper doneness also ensures that it's safe to eat. You can follow the USDA's rule of thumb: a whole turkey is done when it reaches an internal temperature of 165 ...
The partial volume of a particular gas is a fraction of the total volume occupied by the gas mixture, with unchanged pressure and temperature. In gas mixtures, e.g. air, the partial volume allows focusing on one particular gas component, e.g. oxygen.
This means that the shape of a liquid is not definite but is determined by its container. The volume is usually greater than that of the corresponding solid, the best known exception being water, H 2 O. The highest temperature at which a given liquid can exist is its critical temperature. [2]
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Calorimetry requires that a reference material that changes temperature have known definite thermal constitutive properties. The classical rule, recognized by Clausius and Kelvin, is that the pressure exerted by the calorimetric material is fully and rapidly determined solely by its temperature and volume; this rule is for changes that do not involve phase change, such as melting of ice.