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Aniracetam (brand names Draganon, Sarpul, Ampamet, Memodrin, Referan), also known as N-anisoyl-2-pyrrolidinone, is a racetam which is sold in Europe as a prescription drug. It is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the United States as a prescription medication or dietary supplement .
Racetam drugs include piracetam, aniracetam, and coluracetam, and phenylpiracetam." Certain products, formulated with adrafinil in them, have been listed as subject to a May 2023 import alert by Food and Drug Administration because they are considered as containing an active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Although aniracetam and nebracetam show some affinity for muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, only nefiracetam demonstrates nanomolar interactions with neurotransmitter receptors. Modification of membrane-located mechanisms of central signal transduction is another hypothesis.
Oxiracetam is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with a bioavailability of 56-82%. [6] Peak serum levels are reached within one to three hours after a single 800 mg or 2000 mg oral dose, with the maximal serum concentration reaching between 19 and 31 μg/ml at these doses.
All piracetam derivatives are not permitted to be sold as dietary supplements in the United States. [3] However, because they lack scheduling, piracetam derivatives like phenylpiracetam hydrazide are sold over the clear net accompanied by indications stating that the compound is "not for human consumption".
Sunifiram, as well as other nootropics such as piracetam, levetiracetam, and aniracetam are able to antagonize inhibition of glucose transport by barbiturates (e.g., pentobarbital), diazepam, and certain other drugs in human erythrocytes in vitro (K i = 26.0 uM for sunifiram), and this action has been found to correlate with their potency in ...
Unlike other racetams, nefiracetam shows high affinity for the GABA A receptor (IC 50) = 8.5 nM), where it is presumed to be an agonist. [6] [7] It was able to potently inhibit 80% of muscimol binding to the GABA A receptor, although it failed to displace the remaining 20% of specific muscimol binding.
ATC code N06 Psychoanaleptics is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.