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sysctl is a software mechanism in some Unix-like operating systems that reads and modifies the attributes of the system kernel such as its version number, maximum limits, and security settings. [1] It is available both as a system call for compiled programs, and an administrator command for interactive use and scripting.
Deploying solutions based on reboot to restore technology allows users to define a system configuration as the desired state. The baseline is the point that is restored on reboot. Once the baseline is set, the reboot to restore software continues to restore that configuration every time the device restarts or switches on after a shutdown. [3]
Immediately reboot the system, without unmounting or syncing filesystems b: x: b: b: Perform a system crash. A crashdump will be taken if it is configured. c: j: c: c: Display all currently held Locks (CONFIG_LOCKDEP kernel option is required) d: e: d: s: Send the SIGTERM signal to all processes except init (PID 1) e. e: f
A runlevel defines the state of the machine after boot. Different runlevels are typically assigned (not necessarily in any particular order) to the single-user mode , multi-user mode without network services started, multi-user mode with network services started, system shutdown, and system reboot system states.
The current Linux manual pages for su define it as "substitute user", [9] making the correct meaning of sudo "substitute user, do", because sudo can run a command as other users as well. [10] [11] Unlike the similar command su, users must, by default, supply their own password for authentication, rather than the password of the target user.
However, new software added to the system may require changes to existing files that risk producing an unbootable system. BSD init was, prior to 4.3BSD, the same as Research UNIX's init; [ 4 ] [ 5 ] in 4.3BSD , it added support for running a windowing system such as X on graphical terminals under the control of /etc/ttys .
When debugging a concurrent and distributed system of systems, a bootloop (also written boot loop or boot-loop) is a diagnostic condition of an erroneous state that occurs on computing devices; when those devices repeatedly fail to complete the booting process and restart before a boot sequence is finished, a restart might prevent a user from ...
Since Windows NT 3.1 (the first version of Windows NT), [4] Microsoft has defined the terms as follows: The system partition (or system volume) [5] is a primary partition that contains the boot loader, a piece of software responsible for booting the operating system. [6]: 1087 This partition holds the boot sector and is marked active. [7]: 970