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A permanent wave, commonly called a perm or permanent (sometimes called a "curly perm" to distinguish it from a "straight perm"), [1] is a hairstyle consisting of waves or curls set into the hair. The curls may last a number of months, hence the name. Perms may be applied using thermal or chemical means.
The thioglycolic acid in the perm solution reduces the disulfide cystine bonds in the cortex of the hair. [2] In a sense, the thioglycolate removes crosslinks. After washing, the hair is treated with a mild solution of hydrogen peroxide , which oxidizes the cysteines back to cystine .
Another type of "no-lye" relaxer uses ammonium thioglycolate, which is also known as perm salt for its use in permanent waves. Perm salt is a chemical reducing agent which selectively weakens the hair's cystine bonds instead of disrupting the entire protein, but strips out the natural oils even more thoroughly than the alkali hydroxide products.
The curl-perm process adds body and volume to flat or straight hair, giving it more volume and making it easier to style. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please ...
Chemical depilatories are indicated in the treatment of hirsutism in polycystic ovary syndrome. Depilatory ointments, or plasters, were known to Greek and Roman authors as psilothrum. [3] In Jewish lore, King Solomon is said to have discovered a chemical depilatory made from a mixture of lime and water and orpiment (arsenic trisulfide). [4]
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Dread perming is a chemical treatment that is used both by beauty salons and do-it-yourselfers to create or maintain dreadlocks. The hair is exposed to chemicals that render the hair frizzy . The frizzy hair is bound together and treated again to form the dreadlocks.
Products for bleaching one's hair at home usually contain a 6% solution of hydrogen peroxide, while products for use in a hair salon can contain up to 9%. [15] Hair bleaching products can damage hair and cause severe burns to the scalp when applied incorrectly or left on too long. [17]