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A transit of Venus takes place when Venus passes directly between the Sun and the Earth (or any other superior planet), becoming visible against (and hence obscuring a small portion of) the solar disk. During a transit, Venus is visible as a small black circle moving across the face of the Sun. Transits of Venus reoccur periodically.
The first such transit to be predicted and observed was the 1639 transit of Venus, seen and recorded by English astronomers Jeremiah Horrocks and William Crabtree. [18] The observation by Mikhail Lomonosov of the transit of 1761 provided the first evidence that Venus had an atmosphere, and the 19th-century observations of parallax during Venus ...
Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union , followed by the United States , have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970.
Transit of Venus 2368 December 10 Transit of Venus. 2377 January 14 At 12:31 UTC, Mercury will occult Jupiter. [42] 2388 Triple conjunction Mars-Saturn 2391 May 11 Partial transit of Mercury: 2400 November 17 Venus occults Antares (for the first time since September 17, 525 BC). 2410 November 2 At 09:22 UTC, Venus will occult Mars. [42] 2419 ...
1761 – Mikhail Lomonosov is the first to discover and appreciate the atmosphere of Venus during his observation of the transit of Venus. [116] 1766 – Johann Titius finds the Titius-Bode rule for planetary distances. [117] 1772 – Johann Bode publishes the Titius-Bode rule for planetary distances. [117]
On 16 February 1768 the Royal Society petitioned King George III to finance a scientific expedition to the Pacific to study and observe the 1769 transit of Venus across the face of the sun to enable the measurement of the distance from the Earth to the Sun. [2] Royal approval was granted for the expedition, and the Admiralty elected to combine the scientific voyage with a confidential mission ...
Consequently, Venus transits only occur when an inferior conjunction takes place during some days of June or December, when the orbits of Venus and Earth cross a straight line with the Sun. [189] This results in Venus transiting above Earth in a sequence currently of 8 years, 105.5 years, 8 years and 121.5 years, forming cycles of 243 years.
1639 transit of Venus; 1769 transit of Venus observed from Tahiti; 1874 transit of Venus; 1874 Transit of Venus Expedition to Campbell Island; 1874 Transit of Venus Expedition to Hawaii; 1882 transit of Venus; 2004 transit of Venus; 2012 transit of Venus