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The English language has borrowed many words from other cultures or languages. For examples, see Lists of English words by country or language of origin and Anglicisation. Some English loanwords remain relatively faithful to the original phonology even though a particular phoneme might not exist or
As languages, English and German descend from the common ancestor language West Germanic and further back to Proto-Germanic; because of this, some English words are essentially identical to their German lexical counterparts, either in spelling (Hand, Sand, Finger) or pronunciation ("fish" = Fisch, "mouse" = Maus), or both (Arm, Ring); these are ...
One notable German word in the English language is "kindergarten", meaning "garden for the children". The first kindergarten outside the German area was founded in 1851 in London. Five years later, Margarethe Schurz opened the first kindergarten in America in Watertown, Wisconsin. The language in the first kindergarten was German, as they were ...
A semantic loan is a process of borrowing semantic meaning (rather than lexical items) from another language, very similar to the formation of calques.In this case, however, the complete word in the borrowing language already exists; the change is that its meaning is extended to include another meaning its existing translation has in the lending language.
In some dialects of French, the English term "weekend" becomes la fin de semaine ("the end of week"), a calque, but in some it is left untranslated as le week-end, a loanword. French cor anglais (literally English horn) is a near-calque of English French horn. In English cor anglais refers to a completely different musical instrument.
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition. Free site. MW: Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam-Webster, 2002. MW Online Archived 22 December 2006 at the Wayback Machine: Merriam-Webster Unabridged. Subscription required. OED: Oxford English Dictionary. Ed.
Loanwords per WP:M, are not to be italicized in the English Wikipedia.All loanwords are taken from Lists of English words by country or language of origin.If you know a loanword not included on this list please add it; if you have concerns that words included are not loanwords, please raise them on the talk page.
Vigorish (also known as juice, under-juice, the cut, the take, the margin, the house edge or the vig) is the fee charged by a bookmaker for accepting a gambler's wager. In American English, it can also refer to the interest owed a loanshark in consideration for credit.