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As thunderstorms organized in squall lines, the northern end of the squall line is commonly referred to as the cyclonic end, with the southern side rotating anticyclonically (in Northern hemisphere). Because of the Coriolis force, the northern end may evolve further, creating a "comma shaped" wake low, or may continue in a squall-like pattern.
A squall line is an elongated line of severe thunderstorms that can form along and/or ahead of a cold front. [11] [12] In the early 20th century, the term was used as a synonym for cold front. [13] The squall line contains heavy precipitation, hail, frequent lightning, strong straight-line winds, and possibly tornadoes and waterspouts. [14]
A summer squall line in Southern Ontario, producing lightning and distant heavy rains. Wind shear is an important aspect to measuring the potential of squall line severity and duration. In low to medium shear environments, mature thunderstorms will contribute modest amounts of downdrafts, enough to turn will aid in create a leading edge lifting ...
Squall lines typically "bow out" due to the formation of a mesoscale high-pressure system which forms within the stratiform rain area behind the initial convective line. This high-pressure area is formed due to strong descending air currents behind the squall line, and could come in the form of a downburst. [10]
MCCs commonly develop from the merging of thunderstorms into a squall line which eventually meet the MCC criteria. Furthermore, some MCC formation can be tracked from the plains in Colorado back to the Rocky Mountains. These are called "orogenic" complexes. [2]
Rainbands in advance of warm occluded fronts and warm fronts are associated with weak upward motion, [1] and tend to be wide and stratiform in nature. [2] In an atmosphere with rich low level moisture and vertical wind shear, [3] narrow, convective rainbands known as squall lines form generally in the cyclone's warm sector, ahead of strong cold fronts associated with extratropical cyclones. [4]
A snow squall is a brief period of intense snowfall and wind that leads to whiteout conditions which could trigger dangerous traffic accidents. Snow squalls are most common in the northern United ...
When thunderstorms are able to organize into squall lines, a feature known as a rear inflow jet develops to the south of the mid-level circulation associated with its northern bookend vortex. This leads to an erosion of rain within the broad rain shield behind the squall line, and may lead to acceleration of the squall line itself. [4]