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Skeletonema costatum is a cosmopolitan centric diatom that belongs to the genus Skeletonema. [1] It was first described by R. K. Greville, who originally named it Melosira costata, in 1866. [1]
Cell damage (also known as cell injury) is a variety of changes of stress that a cell suffers due to external as well as internal environmental changes. Amongst other causes, this can be due to physical, chemical, infectious, biological, nutritional or immunological factors.
Cell division in prokaryotes (binary fission) and eukaryotes (mitosis and meiosis).The thick lines are chromosomes, and the thin blue lines are fibers pulling on the chromosomes and pushing the ends of the cell apart.
The first fossilized evidence of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes is from the Stenian period, about 1.05 billion years old. [19] [20]Biologists studying evolution propose several explanations for the development of sexual reproduction and its maintenance.
Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. [1] [2] All living organisms are made of cells.
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.Every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane; many cells contain organelles, each with a specific function.
The mechanisms of reproductive isolation are a collection of evolutionary mechanisms, behaviors and physiological processes critical for speciation.They prevent members of different species from producing offspring, or ensure that any offspring are sterile.
Asexual reproduction in liverworts: a caducous phylloid germinating. Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes.