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Counterscarp of a Napoleon era polygonal fort (Fort Napoleon, Ostend).Counterscarps had become vertical by this time. The housing at the bottom of the ditch is a caponier from where the defenders could fire on attackers that managed to climb down into the ditch, while being protected from cannon fire themselves.
Counterscarp: the outer slope or wall of the ditch (furthest from the fort). Sally port : a small door allowing the defenders to enter the ditch should it be occupied by the enemy. Caponier : a masonry or brick structure extending into the ditch or traversing across it; it is pierced with loopholes to enable the defenders to fire along the ...
From left to right: counterscarp, covertway, ditch, faussebraye and the main defensive wall. A place-of-arms on the covertway of Valletta. In military architecture, a covertway or covered way (French: chemin couvert, Italian: strada coperta) is a path on top of the counterscarp of a fortification.
An alternative to the caponier is a counterscarp battery, dug into the outer face of the corner of the ditch, giving a similar field of fire. Reached by a tunnel from within the fort, it does not have the vulnerable roof that the caponier has, but being outside the ditch, is potentially more vulnerable to mining .
The counterscarp is made of concrete and contained a gaol, the forge, and several supply rooms. On top of the counterscarp there is a parapet to provide close-in defence. A large glacis surrounds the whole fort.
A conventional fort would have ramparts on which the cannon were mounted. The ramparts were surrounded by a ditch with vertical, or near vertical, sides, called the scarp (inner wall) and counterscarp (outer wall). The outer side of the ditch would have a glacis, a gently outwardly sloping earth bank at a slightly lower level than the ramparts.
Fort Pickens was of a Pentagonal design, with broader western walls to provide a wide range of fire over the bay. The fort had a counterscarp to the east side exclusively, to create a defensive moat in the event that a land invasion came from the west. The westernmost Bastions were also equipped with mine chambers, to be detonated in a last ...
The Fort de Liers (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ də ljɛʁs]) is one of twelve forts built around Liège, Belgium, in the late 19th century. The overall Fortified Position of Liège was a constituent part of the country's National Redoubt .