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In centrifugation the clearing factor or k factor represents the relative pelleting efficiency of a given centrifuge rotor at maximum rotation speed. It can be used to estimate the time t {\displaystyle t} (in hours) required for sedimentation of a fraction with a known sedimentation coefficient s {\displaystyle s} (in svedbergs ):
A standard ultracentrifuge by manufacturer Beckman Coulter. An ultracentrifuge is a centrifuge optimized for spinning a rotor at very high speeds, capable of generating acceleration as high as 1 000 000 g (approx. 9 800 km/s²). [1] There are two kinds of ultracentrifuges, the preparative and the analytical ultracentrifuge.
The company was founded by Caltech professor Arnold O. Beckman in 1935 as National Technical Laboratories to commercialize a pH meter that he had invented.. In the 1940s, Beckman changed the name to Arnold O. Beckman, Inc. to sell oxygen analyzers, the Helipot precision potentiometer, and spectrophotometers.
Schematic diagram of 3-part analyzer. A 3-part differential cell counter uses Coulter's principle to find the size and volume of the cell. The sample is lysed and dissolved into an electrolyte solution in a container, which also holds a smaller container.
A laboratory ultracentrifuge. In chemistry, a Svedberg unit or svedberg (symbol S, sometimes Sv [a]) is a non-SI metric unit for sedimentation coefficients.The Svedberg unit offers a measure of a particle's size indirectly based on its sedimentation rate under acceleration (i.e. how fast a particle of given size and shape settles out of suspension). [1]
Many designs have been shared for free and open-source centrifuges that can be digitally manufactured. The open-source hardware designs for hand-powered centrifuge for larger volumes of fluids with a radial velocity of over 1750 rpm and over 50 N of relative centrifugal force can be completely 3-D printed for about $25. [10]
Benchtop fixed-angle centrifuge, or swinging bucket centrifuge Intact (eukaryotic) cells, macroscopic debris Varies depending on sample Gently lysed cells (e.g. dounce homogenizer) 600 x g 10 min Benchtop fixed-angle centrifuge, or swinging bucket centrifuge Nuclei Cytosol, non-nuclei organelles Supernatant of previous row 15,000 x g 20 min
A laboratory centrifuge is a piece of laboratory equipment, driven by a motor, which spins liquid samples at high speed. There are various types of centrifuges, depending on the size and the sample capacity.