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The ISRG provides free and open-source reference implementations for ACME: certbot is a Python-based implementation of server certificate management software using the ACME protocol, [6] [7] [8] and boulder is a certificate authority implementation, written in Go. [9] Since 2015 a large variety of client options have appeared for all operating ...
When a certificate is issued, it can be stated in its attributes what use cases it is intended to fulfill. For example, a certificate can be issued for digital signature of e-mail (aka S/MIME), encryption of data, authentication (e.g. of a Web server, as when one uses HTTPS) or further issuance of certificates (delegation of authority ...
This template displays an external link to an author profile page at the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Digital Library website (dl.acm.org). It is intended for use in the external links section of an article. Template parameters [Edit template data] Parameter Description Type Status id id 1 The "id" parameter (or unnamed parameter "1") should contain the ID portion of the URL ...
Currently the majority of web browsers are shipped with pre-installed intermediate certificates issued and signed by a certificate authority, by public keys certified by so-called root certificates. This means browsers need to carry a large number of different certificate providers, increasing the risk of a key compromise.
Worldwide, the certificate authority business is fragmented, with national or regional providers dominating their home market. This is because many uses of digital certificates, such as for legally binding digital signatures, are linked to local law, regulations, and accreditation schemes for certificate authorities.
In computer engineering, a physical configuration audit (PCA) is the formal examination of the "as-built" configuration of a configuration item (CI) against its technical documentation to establish or verify the CI's product baseline. The PCA is used to examine the actual configuration of the CI that is representative of the product ...
In cryptography, a public key certificate, also known as a digital certificate or identity certificate, is an electronic document used to prove the validity of a public key. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The certificate includes the public key and information about it, information about the identity of its owner (called the subject), and the digital signature of ...
Communications of the ACM is the monthly journal of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). It was established in 1958, [2] with Saul Rosen as its first managing editor. It is sent to all ACM members. [3] [4] Articles are intended for readers with backgrounds in all areas of computer science and information systems. The focus is on the ...