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The Polish–Ukrainian conflict [a] was a series of armed clashes between the Ukrainian guerrillas and Polish underground armed units during and after World War II, namely between 1939 and 1945, whose direct continuation was the struggle of the Ukrainian underground against the Polish People’s Army until 1947, with periodic participation of the Soviet partisan units and even the regular Red ...
Operation Vistula (Polish: Akcja Wisła; Ukrainian: Опера́ція «Ві́сла») was the codename for the 1947 forced resettlement of close to 150,000 Ukrainians (including Rusyns, Boykos, and Lemkos) from the southeastern provinces of postwar Poland to the Recovered Territories in the west of the country.
In Ukraine, the events are called "Volhynia tragedy". [230] [4] Coverage in textbooks may be brief and/or euphemistic. [231] Some Ukrainian historians accept the genocide classification, but argue that it was a "bilateral genocide" and that the Home Army was responsible for crimes against Ukrainian civilians that were equivalent in nature. [229]
The Poles in southern Kresy (now Western Ukraine) were given the option of resettlement in Siberia or Poland, and most chose Poland. [ 21 ] : 24 The Polish government-in-exile in London directed their organizations (see Polish Secret State ) in Lwów and other major centers in Eastern Poland to sit fast and not evacuate, promising that during ...
Soviet annexation of Polish lands in 1939 (in red), superimposed on a modern map of Ukraine. On the basis of a secret clause of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union invaded Poland on September 17, 1939, capturing the eastern provinces of the Second Polish Republic.
The oldest church located in the Kholm Region was built in the village of Rozotka, immediately upon declaring independence the Polish government had closed the 16th century church and Ukrainian parishioners were permitted to attend Mass there only three times a year. On 8 July 1938 the church was destroyed.
Government officials in Poland and abroad repeatedly raised the issue of a possible link between Germany and the West Ukrainian People's Republic, insisting that the Germans were financially supporting the West Ukrainian government and the Bolshevik revolution in Russia in order to sow a wave of political unrest and chaos in the region. [66]
The Soviet government announced it was acting to protect the Ukrainians and Belarusians who lived in the eastern part of Poland, because the Polish state had collapsed – according to Soviet propaganda, which perfectly echoed Western sentiment that coined the term "Blitzkrieg" to describe Germany's "lightning war" crushing defeat of Poland ...