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Joseph Brant, a Mohawk, depicted in a portrait by Charles Bird King, circa 1835 Three Lenape people, depicted in a painting by George Catlin in the 1860s. Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands include Native American tribes and First Nation bands residing in or originating from a cultural area encompassing the northeastern and Midwest United States and southeastern Canada. [1]
Over a thousand known languages were spoken by various peoples in North and South America prior to their first contact with Europeans. These encounters occurred between the beginning of the 11th century (with the Nordic settlement of Greenland and failed efforts in Newfoundland and Labrador) and the end of the 15th century (the voyages of Christopher Columbus).
The Nanticoke language was distinct from the Algonquian languages spoken by tribes on the Western Shore of Maryland and along the Potomac River. [2] The last fluent speaker was Lydia E. Clark, who died in 1856. [7] [8] Efforts to revive the language are currently being taken by tribal members and linguists from Georgetown University. [9]
The Plains Indians culture area is to the west; the Subarctic area to the north. The Indigenous people of the Eastern Woodlands spoke languages belonging to several language groups, including Algonquian, [2] Iroquoian, [2] Muskogean, and Siouan, as well as apparently isolated languages such as Calusa, Chitimacha, Natchez, Timucua, Tunica and ...
A map showing the origin of the first wave of humans into the Americas, including the Ancestral Northern Eurasian, which represent a distinct Paleolithic Siberian population, and the Northeast Asians, which are an East Asian-related group. The admixture happened somewhere in Northeast Siberia. (from Indigenous peoples of the Americas)
In American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America, Lyle Campbell describes various pidgins and trade languages spoken by the indigenous peoples of the Americas. [20] Some of these mixed languages have not been documented and are known only by name. Medny Aleut (Copper Island Aleut) Chinook Jargon; Broken Slavey (Slavey ...
American Indian agent John Sibley recorded a small Adai village that became known as the Lac Madon site, which was populated through 1820. [5] He wrote that there were only "twenty men of them remaining, but more women," while Rev. Jedidiah Morse recorded only 30 surviving Adai by 1820.
Archaeological research dates human habitation in the area eventually known as the Mocama Province to at least 2500 BC. [8] The area has yielded some of the oldest known pottery from what is now the United States, uncovered by a University of North Florida team on Black Hammock Island in Jacksonville, Florida's Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve. [2]