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Larry P. v. Riles is a California court case in which the court held that IQ tests could not be used to place African-American students in special education classes.. Five African-American children had been placed in special classes for the "educable mentally retarded", based on low IQ test scores.
[4] [5] In an effort to challenge segregation in public K-12 schools, the state's first education segregation legal case was filed with the California Supreme Court on September 22, 1872, Ward v. Flood. [2] The plaintiff, Harriet Ward, had tried to enroll her daughter, Mary Frances in an all-white school but was denied.
Decided 1874; Citation(s) Ward v. Flood, 48 Cal 49–52 (1874).: Holding; The law providing for the education of children of African descent in separate schools at the public expense is not in conflict with the Constitution of California, nor in conflict with the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States.
The Tinsley Voluntary Transfer Program is a 1985 settlement of a lawsuit in which school districts surrounding the Ravenswood City School District in East Palo Alto, California agreed to accept up to 135 minority students entering grades Kindergarten through second grade from within the boundaries of the Ravenswood City School District.
A short, concise history of Chicanos in California. David S. Ettinger, The History of School Desegregation in the Ninth Circuit, 12 Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 481, 484–487 (1979) "The Mexican American Struggle for Equal Educational Opportunity in Mendez v. Westminster: Helping to Pave the Way for Brown v. The Board of Education ...
California’s efforts can be an example for other states — and for Democrats. As our state continues to expand its program, the party can look to what it has already developed to set their ...
Indigenization is seen by some as less of a process of naturalization and more of a process of culturally relevant social work. Indigenization was not the standard, but it was a way to accustom others to a surrounding point of view but also to help understand where the people came from and their heritage. [7]
The earliest law establishing public education ("Common Schools") in California was passed in 1851 and divided state funding "by the whole number of children in the State, between the ages of five and eighteen years" without specifying race (Article II, §1). [17] It was repealed and replaced by an 1852 law which also lacked racial restrictions ...