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The Kempeitai (Japanese: 憲兵隊, Hepburn: Kenpeitai, or Gendarmerie) was the military police of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). The organization also shared civilian secret police that specialized clandestine and covert operation, counterinsurgency, counterintelligence, HUMINT, interrogate suspects who may be allied soldiers, spies or resistance movement, maintain security of prisoner of ...
Thus, for example, a captain in the navy shared the same rank designation as that of a colonel in the army: Taisa (colonel), so the rank of Rikugun Taisa denoted an army colonel, while the rank of Kaigun daisa denoted a naval captain.
Troops supplemented the Kempeitai and were considered part of the organization but were forbidden by law to rise above the rank of Shocho (Sergeant Major). According to United States Army 's TM-E 30-480 Handbook On Japanese Military Forces , there were over 36,000 regular members of the Kempeitai at the end of the war; this did not include the ...
The vague wording of the 1925 Peace Preservation Law gave all police organizations wide scope for interpretation of what constituted "criminal activity", and under the guise of "maintenance of order", the police exercised broad powers of surveillance and arrest. Lack of accountability and a tradition of "guilty until proven innocent" led to ...
Each of the First to Third Ranks is divided into Senior (正, shō) and Junior (従, ju).The Senior First Rank (正一位, shō ichi-i) is the highest in the rank system. It is conferred mainly on a very limited number of persons recognized by the Imperial Court as most loyal to the nation during that era.
The ranks were inspired by the ranks of the Royal Navy And also from the former navy of the Tokugawa shogunate. [1] The officer rank names were used for both the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy, the only distinction being the placement of the word Rikugun (army) or Kaigun (navy) before the rank.
Army ranks Navy ranks The Imperial Japanese Armed Forces ( IJAF , full Japanese: 帝国陸海軍 , romanized: Teikoku riku-kaigun or Nippon-gun ( 日本軍 ) for short, meaning "Japanese Forces") were the unified forces of the Empire of Japan .
The regents were typically appointed from the ranks of the imperial court and the aristocratic clans that vied there. Military affairs were handled under the auspices of the civil government. After defeating their main rival the Taira clan, [25] and the Northern Fujiwara, the Minamoto clan established the Kamakura shogunate. [26]