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Caput medusae is the appearance of distended and engorged superficial epigastric veins, which are seen radiating from the umbilicus across the abdomen. The name caput medusae ( Latin for "head of Medusa") originates from the apparent similarity to Medusa 's head, which had venomous snakes in place of hair.
Caput medusae can occur as a result of portal hypertension caused by periportal fibrosis. Chronic (fibrotic) hepatic schistosomiasis is a late-stage liver disease that occurs mainly in young and middle-aged adults who have been chronically infected with a heavy infection and whose immune regulation of fibrosis is not functioning properly. [19]
Taeniatherum is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the grass family. [3] [4] [5]The only recognized species is medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) which is native to southern and central Europe (from Portugal to European Russia), North Africa (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), and Asia (from Turkey and Saudi Arabia to Pakistan and Kazakhstan).
#19 Caput Medusae. It Is The Appearance Of Engorged And Severely Distended Epigastric Veins That Usually Radiate From Umbilicus Around The Abdomen. It Is Also Called Palm Tree Sign And Is Cardinal ...
Swollen veins on the anterior abdominal wall (referred to as caput medusae) [1] In addition, a widened (dilated) portal vein as seen on a CT scan or MRI may raise the suspicion about portal hypertension. A cutoff value of 13 mm is widely used in this regard, but the diameter is often larger than this is in normal individuals as well. [9]
A portacaval anastomosis or portocaval anastomosis is a specific type of circulatory anastomosis that occurs between the veins of the portal circulation and the vena cava, thus forming one of the principal types of portasystemic anastomosis or portosystemic anastomosis, as it connects the portal circulation to the systemic circulation, providing an alternative pathway for the blood.
[2] [3] This can also occur in the esophagus, causing esophageal varices, and at the level of the umbilicus, causing caput medusae. [4] Between 44% and 78% of patients with portal hypertension get anorectal varices. [3] [5]
Caput medusae are dilated paraumbilical collateral veins due to portal hypertension. [39] Blood from the portal venous system may be forced through the paraumbilical veins and ultimately to the abdominal wall veins. Caput Medusae The created pattern resembles the head of Medusa, hence the name. [9]