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  2. Starting pistol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starting_pistol

    An issue with the use of starting pistols is that, since the report of the pistol is carried to the competitors at the speed of sound, which takes about 3 milliseconds to travel one metre, positions nearest the starter hear the report a few milliseconds before further positions. This issue is exaggerated in races where the runners begin in a ...

  3. Speed of sound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_sound

    By far, the most important factor influencing the speed of sound in air is temperature. The speed is proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature, giving an increase of about 0.6 m/s per degree Celsius. For this reason, the pitch of a musical wind instrument increases as its temperature increases.

  4. Internal ballistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_ballistics

    The action-shooting handguns redirect all the energy up to counteract the rotation of the recoil, and make following shots faster by leaving the gun on target. The disadvantage of the muzzle brake is a longer, heavier barrel, and a large increase in sound levels and flash behind the muzzle of the rifle.

  5. Ballistic coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient

    Meaning, air density is the generally the same for flat-fire trajectories, thus sectional density is equal to the ballistic coefficient and air density can be dropped. Then as the velocity rises to Bashforth's k {\displaystyle k} for high velocity when C {\displaystyle C} requires the introduction of i {\displaystyle i} .

  6. Glossary of firearms terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_firearms_terms

    Action: The physical mechanism that manipulates cartridges and/or seals the breech. The term refers to the method in which cartridges are loaded, locked, and extracted from the mechanism. Actions are generally categorized by the type of mechanism used. A firearm action is technically not present on muzzleloaders as all loading is done by hand ...

  7. ISSF 10 meter air pistol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSF_10_meter_air_pistol

    The 10 metre air pistol is an Olympic shooting event governed by the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF). It is similar to 10 metre air rifle in that it is shot with 4.5 mm (or .177) caliber air guns at a distance of 10 metres (11 yards), and that the match consists of a qualification round of 60 competition shots within 75 minutes.

  8. Muzzle velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_velocity

    For projectiles in unpowered flight, its velocity is highest at leaving the muzzle and drops off steadily because of air resistance.Projectiles traveling less than the speed of sound (about 340 m/s (1,100 ft/s) in dry air at sea level) are subsonic, while those traveling faster are supersonic and thus can travel a substantial distance and even hit a target before a nearby observer hears the ...

  9. Bullet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet

    In the trajectory of a bullet, as air passes over a bullet at high speed, a vacuum is created at the end of the bullet, slowing the projectile. The streamlined boat tail design reduces this form drag by allowing the air to flow along the surface of the tapering end. The resulting aerodynamic advantage is currently seen as the optimum shape for ...

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