Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The study of poisons and toxic substances has a long history dating back to ancient times, when humans recognized the dangers posed by various natural compounds. However, the formalization and development of toxicology as a distinct scientific discipline can be attributed to notable figures like Paracelsus (1493–1541) and Orfila (1757–1853).
"The dose makes the poison" (Latin: dosis sola facit venenum 'only the dose makes the poison') is an adage intended to indicate a basic principle of toxicology. It is credited to Paracelsus who expressed the classic toxicology maxim "All things are poison, and nothing is without poison; the dosage alone makes it so a thing is not a poison."
A toxicologist working in a lab (United States, 2008)Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms [1] and the practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants.
Paracelsus was born in Egg an der Sihl [], [18] a village close to the Etzel Pass in Einsiedeln, Schwyz.He was born in a house next to a bridge across the Sihl river.His father Wilhelm (d. 1534) was a chemist and physician, an illegitimate descendant of the Swabian noble Georg [] Bombast von Hohenheim (1453–1499), commander of the Order of Saint John in Rohrdorf.
Title page of Benedictus Figulus's 1608 edition of Kleine Wund-Artzney, based on lecture notes by Basilius Amerbach the Elder (1488–1535) of lectures held by Paracelsus during his stay in Basel (1527). Paracelsianism (also Paracelsism; German: Paracelsismus) was an early modern medical movement based on the theories and therapies of Paracelsus.
Alexander Oscar Gettler (August 13, 1883 – August 4, 1968) [1] [2] was a toxicologist with the Office of Chief Medical Examiner of the City of New York (OCME) between 1918 and 1959, and the first forensic chemist to be employed in this capacity by a U.S. city. [3] [4] [5] His work at OCME with Charles Norris, the chief medical examiner, created the foundation for modern medicolegal ...
Bradford Hill's criteria had been widely accepted as useful guidelines for investigating causality in epidemiological studies but their value has been questioned because they have become somewhat outdated. [5] In addition, their method of application is debated. [citation needed] Some proposed options how to apply them include:
In 1574, Toxites was the first to define the alkahest as du mercure préparé pour le foie, by approximating a mysterium mercurii presented by Paracelsus as a medicine for the liver. This definition was picked up by the French Paracelsian Roch Le Baillif in 1578 and by the Belgian Gerhard Dorn in 1583.