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Nylon 66 (loosely written nylon 6-6, nylon 6/6, nylon 6,6, or nylon 6:6) is a type of polyamide or nylon. It, and nylon 6 , are the two most common for textile and plastic industries. Nylon 66 is made of two monomers each containing 6 carbon atoms, hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid , which give nylon 66 its name. [ 1 ]
Acid Chloride Preparative Route for Nylon-6,10, which is often used in the nylon rope trick. The nylon rope trick is a scientific demonstration that illustrates some of the fundamental chemical principles of step-growth polymerization and provides students and other observers with a hands-on demonstration of the preparation of a synthetic polymer.
The most famous and commercially important reaction of cyclohexanone oxime is Beckmann rearrangement yielding ε-caprolactam, which is used to produce Nylon 6: This reaction is catalyzed by sulfuric acid, [1] but industrial scale reactions use solid acids. [2] Typical of oximes, the compound can be reduced by sodium amalgam to produce ...
Caprolactam molecule used to synthesize Nylon 6 by ring opening polymerization. Nylon 6 or polycaprolactam is a polymer, in particular semicrystalline polyamide.Unlike most other nylons, nylon 6 is not a condensation polymer, but instead is formed by ring-opening polymerization; this makes it a special case in the comparison between condensation and addition polymers.
The simplest case refers to the formation of a strictly linear polymer by the reaction (usually by condensation) of two monomers in equimolar quantities. An example is the synthesis of nylon-6,6 whose formula is [−NH−(CH 2) 6 −NH−CO−(CH 2) 4 −CO−] n from one mole of hexamethylenediamine, H 2 N(CH 2) 6 NH 2, and one mole of adipic acid, HOOC−(CH 2) 4 −COOH.
Nylon 12 exhibits properties between short chain aliphatic nylons (e.g., nylon 6 and nylon 66) and polyolefins. [3] At 178-180 °C, the melting point of nylon 12 is the lowest among the important polyamides. Its mechanical properties, such as hardness, tensile strength, and resistance to abrasion, are similar to those of nylon 6 and nylon 66.
The reaction of 1,4-phenyl-diamine (para-phenylenediamine) and terephthaloyl chloride to produce an aramid. Polyamides can also be synthesized from dinitriles using acid catalysis via an application of the Ritter reaction. This method is applicable for preparation of nylon 1,6 from adiponitrile, formaldehyde and water. [4]
The great majority of the diamine is consumed by the production of nylon 66 via condensation with adipic acid. Otherwise hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is generated from this diamine by phosgenation as a monomer feedstock in the production of polyurethane. [9] [10] The diamine also serves as a cross-linking agent in epoxy resins. [11] [12] [13]