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Failure to thrive (FTT), also known as weight faltering or faltering growth, indicates insufficient weight gain or absence of appropriate physical growth in children. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] FTT is usually defined in terms of weight, and can be evaluated either by a low weight for the child's age, or by a low rate of increase in the weight.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), or fetal growth restriction, is the poor growth of a fetus while in the womb during pregnancy.IUGR is defined by clinical features of malnutrition and evidence of reduced growth regardless of an infant's birth weight percentile. [5]
One third of low-birth-weight neonates – infants weighing less than 2,500 g (5 lb 8 oz) – are small for gestational age. [citation needed] There is an 8.1% incidence of low birth weight in developed countries, and 6–30% in developing countries. Much of this can be attributed to the health of the mother during pregnancy. One third of ...
The baby's gestational age (number of completed weeks of pregnancy) at the time of birth and the baby's weight (also a measure of growth) influence whether the baby will survive. Another major factor is gender: male infants have a slightly higher risk of dying than female infants, [41] for which various explanations have been proposed. [42]
Children with failure to thrive usually have a weight that is below the 3rd or 5th percentile for their age and a declining growth velocity (meaning they are not gaining weight as expected). Recently it has come to light that current growth charts for infants under 24 months overstate the expected weight of babies and lead to potentially obese ...
Stunted growth, also known as stunting or linear growth failure, is defined as impaired growth and development manifested by low height-for-age. [1] It is a manifestation of malnutrition and can be caused by endogenous factors (such as chronic food insecurity) or exogenous factors (such as parasitic infection).
Charts based on a specific race or ethnicity are not useful because of the growth chart progression can be attributed to socioeconomic factors. [14] WHO launched a revised growth in 2006 chart using children from Ghana, Oman, Norway, Brazil, India and the USA that substantiated the fact that growth is highly dependent on environmental factors. [15]
Low birth weight (LBW) is defined by the World Health Organization as a birth weight of an infant of 2,499 g (5 lb 8.1 oz) or less, regardless of gestational age. [1] Infants born with LBW have added health risks which require close management, often in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). They are also at increased risk for long-term health ...