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Nai Talim, or Basic Education, is a principle which states that knowledge and work are not separate. Mahatma Gandhi promoted an educational curriculum with the same name based on this pedagogical principle. [2] It can be translated with the phrase 'Basic Education for all'. [3] However, the concept has several layers of meaning.
The daughter of a village schoolmaster, Marjorie Sykes was born in Mexborough, Yorkshire, England on 11 May 1905. [1] Sykes was nine years old when the First World War broke out, forcing a beloved teacher, who happened to be German, to leave her position.
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP), a University of Oxford publishing house. The dictionary, which published its first edition in 1884, traces the historical development of the English language, providing a comprehensive resource to ...
Oxford English Dictionary (OED) Oxford University Press: 1895 2nd (20 vols., ISBN 0-19-861186-2) 1989 21,730 291,500 British: IPA: Random House Webster's: Random House: 1966 2nd (rev., ISBN 978-0375425998) 2002 2,256 315,000 American: Diacritical: Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (SOED) Oxford University Press: 1933 6th (2 vol., ISBN ...
The dictionary is not based on the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) – it is a separate dictionary which strives to represent faithfully the current usage of English words. The Revised Second Edition contains 355,000 words, phrases, and definitions, including biographical references and thousands of encyclopaedic entries.
Nai Talim evolved out of his experiences at the Tolstoy Farm in South Africa, and Gandhi attempted to formulate the new system at the Sevagram ashram after 1937. [164] Nehru government's vision of an industrialised, centrally planned economy after 1947 had scant place for Gandhi's village-oriented approach. [167]
11th Edition (2004, revised 2006, 2008 and 2009), the Concise Oxford English Dictionary was edited by Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson. It was based on the Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd edition (2003), which Soanes and Stevenson had edited). [citation needed] The 11th Edition is available on CD-ROM as an e-book for a variety of platforms.
In 1937, Husain chaired the Basic National Education Committee which framed a new educational policy known as Nai Talim which emphasized free and compulsory education in the first language. He was opposed to the policy of separate electorates for Muslims and, in 1946, the Muslim League under Muhammad Ali Jinnah vetoed a proposal by the Indian ...