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All crystallize in the monoclinic system, with a tendency towards pseudohexagonal crystals, and are similar in structure but vary in chemical composition. Micas are translucent to opaque with a distinct vitreous or pearly luster, and different mica minerals display colors ranging from white to green or red to black.
Muscovite (also known as common mica, isinglass, or potash mica [6]) is a hydrated phyllosilicate mineral of aluminium and potassium with formula KAl 2 (AlSi 3 O 10)(F,OH) 2, or 2 (Al 2 O 3) 3 (SiO 2) 6 (H 2 O). It has a highly perfect basal cleavage yielding remarkably thin laminae (sheets) which are often highly elastic.
Biotite is a common group of phyllosilicate minerals within the mica group, with the approximate chemical formula K(Mg,Fe) 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (F,OH) 2.It is primarily a solid-solution series between the iron-endmember annite, and the magnesium-endmember phlogopite; more aluminous end-members include siderophyllite and eastonite.
Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species. Within a mineral species there may be variation in physical properties or minor amounts of impurities that are recognized by mineralogists or wider society as a mineral variety.
Phlogopite is a yellow, greenish, or reddish-brown member of the mica family of phyllosilicates. It is also known as magnesium mica. Phlogopite is the magnesium endmember of the biotite solid solution series, with the chemical formula KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (F,OH) 2. Iron substitutes for magnesium in variable amounts leading to the more common ...
Lepidolite is a lilac-gray or rose-colored member of the mica group of minerals with chemical formula K(Li,Al) 3 (Al,Si,Rb) 4 O 10 (F,OH) 2. [2] [3] It is the most abundant lithium-bearing mineral [4] and is a secondary source of this metal. It is the major source of the alkali metal rubidium.
Fuchsite, also known as chrome mica, is a chromium (Cr)-rich variety of the mineral muscovite, belonging to the mica group of phyllosilicate minerals, with the chemical formula K(Al,Cr) 2 (AlSi 3 O 10)(OH) 2. [2] Trivalent chromium replaces one of the aluminium (Al) atoms in the general muscovite formula producing the apple green hue ...
Celadonite is a mica group mineral, a phyllosilicate of potassium, iron in both oxidation states, aluminium and hydroxide with formula K(Mg,Fe 2+)(Fe 3+,Al)[Si 4 O 10](OH) 2.. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and usually forms massive aggregates of prismatic crystallites or, more commonly, in dull clay masses.