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Social science – study of the world and its cultures and civilizations. Social science has many branches, each called a "social science". Some of the major social sciences are: Anthropology – study of how humans developed biologically and culturally.
The term "social science" was coined in French by Mirabeau in 1767, before becoming a distinct conceptual field in the nineteenth century. [9] Social science was influenced by positivism, [6] focusing on knowledge based on actual positive sense experience and avoiding the negative; metaphysical speculation was avoided.
The social sciences generally use the term society to mean a group of people who form a semi-closed social system, in which most interactions are with other individuals belonging to the group. More abstractly , a society is defined as a network of relationships between social entities .
Political science – social science discipline concerned with the study of the state, government, and politics. Civics – the study of the theoretical and practical aspects of citizenship, its rights and duties; the duties of citizens to each other as members of a political body and to the government.
The term is inextricably linked to the similar terms poverty and social exclusion. [5] The concept of relative deprivation has important consequences for both behaviour and attitudes, including feelings of stress, political attitudes, and participation in collective action. It is relevant to researchers studying multiple fields in social ...
Geochemistry – Science that applies chemistry to analyze geological systems – study of chemistry of the Earth's crust; Geochronology – Science of determining the age of rocks, sediments and fossils – study of measuring geological time; Geography – Study of lands and inhabitants of Earth – study of surface of the earth and its ...
For Marcel Mauss, Durkheim's nephew and sometime collaborator, a total social fact (French fait social total) is "an activity that has implications throughout society, in the economic, legal, political, and religious spheres." [8] Diverse strands of social and psychological life are woven together through what he came to call total social facts.
This category relates to specifically sociological terms and concepts. Wider societal terms that do not have a specific sociological nature about them should be added to social concepts in keeping with the WikiProject Sociology scope for the subject.