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Smog, or smoke fog, is a type of intense air pollution. The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century, and is a portmanteau of the words smoke and fog [ 1 ] to refer to smoky fog due to its opacity, and odor. [ 2 ] The word was then intended to refer to what was sometimes known as pea soup fog, a familiar and serious problem in London ...
e. Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances called pollutants in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. [ 1 ] It is also the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment either by chemical, physical, or biological ...
Ground-level ozone. Seasonal average vertical columns of tropospheric ozone in Dobson units over the period 1979 to 2000. In June to August, photochemical ozone production causes very high concentrations over the East Coast of the US and China. Ground-level ozone (O3), also known as surface-level ozone and tropospheric ozone, is a trace gas in ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 9 October 2024. Gas in an atmosphere with certain absorption characteristics This article is about the physical properties of greenhouse gases. For how human activities are adding to greenhouse gases, see Greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gases trap some of the heat that results when sunlight heats ...
The smoke kills by a combination of thermal damage, poisoning and pulmonary irritation caused by carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and other combustion products. Smoke is an aerosol (or mist) of solid particles and liquid droplets that are close to the ideal range of sizes for Mie scattering of visible light.
Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s: a steady lowering of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's atmosphere, [citation needed] and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone (the ozone layer) around Earth's polar regions. [ 1 ] The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ...
Airborne particulate matter is a Group 1 carcinogen. [ 6 ] Particulates are the most harmful form (other than ultra-fines) of air pollution [ 7 ] as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and brain from blood streams, causing health problems such as heart disease, lung disease, cancer and preterm birth. [ 8 ]
v. t. e. Global dimming is a decline in the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface. [ 2 ][ 3 ] It is caused by atmospheric particulate matter, predominantly sulfate aerosols, which are components of air pollution. [ 4 ] Global dimming was observed soon after the first systematic measurements of solar irradiance began in the 1950s.