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The Neanderthal's Necklace: In Search of the First Thinkers. New York: Four Walls Eight Windows. ISBN 978-0786740734. Gooch, Stan (2008). The Neanderthal Legacy: Reawakening Our Genetic and Cultural Origins. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. ISBN 978-1594777424. Muller, Stephanie Muller; Shrenk, Friedemann (2008). The Neanderthals. New York ...
The discovery of stone tools found in proximity to these individuals demonstrates that Neanderthals exhibited the intelligence to make everyday life easier for themselves, and their cognitive ability may have surpassed basic comprehension to include characteristics such as humility and compassion commonly associated with Homo sapiens. [29]
The oldest potential Neanderthal bones date to 430,000 years ago, but the classification remains uncertain. [14] Neanderthals are known from numerous fossils, especially from after 130,000 years ago. [15] The reasons for Neanderthal extinction are disputed. [16] [17]
Shanidar Z is the first Neanderthal found in the cave in more than 50 years, Pomeroy said, but the site could still yield more discoveries. During the filming of the documentary in 2022, Pomeroy ...
In 2015, a paleoanthropology team discovered jaw remains of a roughly 42,000-year-old Neanderthal in France. ... was based on the stone tools found at various sites, noting that those in the ...
[7] [2] Stone tools were found in all four caves. [12] Research published in July 2019 indicates that the Apidima 2 skull fragment (designated LAO 1/S2 [4]) has Neanderthal morphology, and using uranium-thorium dating, [7] was found to be more than 170,000 years old.
Its entrance portal collapsed about 10,000 years ago. Protected under the collapse of the ceiling made of stone and earth material, the bone artefact lay in a well-preserved Neanderthal cultural layer amidst the remains of hunting prey. The engraved bone was dated to around 51,000 years old, making it the oldest piece of art ever found in Europe.
The scratches are thought to be at least 39,000 years old, because they were found below a layer of undisturbed sediment of that age in which hundreds of Neanderthal stone tools were discovered. The attribution of the scratches to Neanderthals is disputed.