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Since France had given up its ambitions in Ottoman Libya in a convention with Italy in 1903, it felt entitled to a greater share of Morocco. On 3 October 1904, France and Spain concluded a treaty that defined their precise zones. [9] Spain received a zone of influence consisting of a northern strip of territory and a southern strip.
When Spain recognized the independence of Spanish Morocco in 1956, Ceuta and the other plazas de soberanía remained under Spanish rule. Spain considered them integral parts of the Spanish state, but Morocco has disputed this point. Culturally, modern Ceuta is part of the Spanish region of Andalusia.
The plazas de soberanía (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈplaθas ðe soβeɾaˈni.a]), meaning "strongholds of sovereignty", [3] are a series of Spanish overseas territories scattered along the Mediterranean coast bordering Morocco, or that are closer to Africa than Europe.
When Morocco gained independence from France in 1956, Spanish Morocco was handed to the new kingdom. [1] However, Spain maintained control of the plazas de soberanía, asserting that they were Spanish territory long before the creation of the protectorate in 1912 and should therefore remain part of Spain, a position contested by Morocco. [1] [7 ...
Relative to France, which was assigned control over most of the Moroccan State, Spain ended up with a small territory in northern Morocco, largely mountainous and not easily accessible, [36] and to which the Cape Juby strip, a small strip of land in Southern Morocco, bordering with the Spanish Sahara added up. [37]
Macron emphasized France's support for Morocco's efforts to promote economic and social development in the region. This marked a notable change of diplomatic stance; The French authorities previously argued that Morocco’s plan for autonomy was a “serious and credible” basis for discussion, but not the only one. [195] [196]
On 31 October 1975, Moroccan troops began an invasion of Western Sahara from the north. [7]The Moroccan government’s Green March took place on 6 November 1975, in which 350,000 unarmed Moroccans converged on the city of Tarfaya in southern Morocco and waited for a signal from King Hassan II of Morocco to cross the border in a peaceful march.
The United Nations considers the territory to be disputed, as it was not legally transferred by Spain when it abandoned its former colony in 1975, and several states (notably members of the African Union) either recognize the SADR as the sole legitimate government of Western Sahara, or consider that the status of the region (either as an ...