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Intensive pig farming, also known as pig factory farming, is the primary method of pig production, in which grower pigs are housed indoors in group-housing or straw-lined sheds in establishments also known as piggeries, whilst pregnant sows are housed in gestation crates or pens and give birth in farrowing crates.
Gestation crates, used on modern pig-production facilities, commonly referred to as factory farms. A gestation crate, also known as a sow stall, is a metal enclosure in which a farmed sow used for breeding may be kept during pregnancy.
William B. Purvis (12 August 1838 – 10 August 1914) [1] was an African-American inventor and businessman who received multiple patents in the late 19th-century. His inventions included improvements on paper bags, an updated fountain pen design, improvement to the hand stamp, and a close-conduit electric railway system.
When pregnancy is confirmed, they are moved to pens within a group-housing system [6] for about 10 weeks, then to a farrowing crate, then back to a gestation crate to be impregnated again. [ 70 ] [ 71 ] It uses two forms of group housing: in one system, 30–40 sows are kept in a pen with access to individual gestation crates; in the other ...
For the farrowing sow operation, digester and primary lagoon effluent concentrations ranged from 9,600 to 24,900 ng/L for estrone, 5,000 to 10,400 ng/L for estriol, and 2,200 to 3,000 ng/L for estradiol. Ethinylestradiol was not detected in any of the lagoon or ground water samples. Natural estrogen concentrations in ground water samples were ...
The Parker Jotter is the Parker Pen Company's second and best-selling retracting refillable ballpoint pen. The first was the Hopalong Cassidy ballpoint (Later a fountain pen, mechanical pencil and rollerball pen were introduced to the line). Since 1954, over 750 million have been sold worldwide.
Lewis Edson Waterman (November 20, 1836 – May 1, 1901) was an American inventor. He held multiple fountain pen patents and was the founder of the Waterman Pen Company.. His entry into fountain pen manufacturing has only recently been properly researched.
Newell Custom Writing Instruments (formerly Sanford Business-to-Business, abbreviated Sanford B2B) [2] is an American manufacturing company of stationery products. It is a division of Newell Brands, producing writing implements, in its plant of Atlanta, Georgia.