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A database index is a data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table at the cost of additional writes and storage space to maintain the index data structure. Indexes are used to quickly locate data without having to search every row in a database table every time said table is accessed.
A database model is a type of data model that determines the logical structure of a database. It fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model, which uses a table-based format.
Database tables and indexes may be stored on disk in one of a number of forms, including ordered/unordered flat files, ISAM, heap files, hash buckets, or B+ trees. Each form has its own particular advantages and disadvantages. The most commonly used forms are B-trees and ISAM.
The database schema is the structure of a database described in a formal language supported typically by a relational database management system (RDBMS). The term "schema" refers to the organization of data as a blueprint of how the database is constructed (divided into database tables in the case of relational databases).
The most popular example of a database model is the relational model (or the SQL approximation of relational), which uses a table-based format. Common logical data models for databases include: Navigational databases. Hierarchical database model; Network model; Graph database; Relational model; Entity–relationship model. Enhanced entity ...
Indexes, a data structure providing faster queries (at the expense of slower writing and storage to maintain the index structure) Views, a virtual table that is made as it is queried; Synonyms, alternate names for a table, view, sequence or other object in a database; Stored procedures and user-defined functions; Triggers, procedures which are ...
A database relvar (relation variable) is commonly known as a base table. The heading of its assigned value at any time is as specified in the table declaration and its body is that most recently assigned to it by an update operator (typically, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE). The heading and body of the table resulting from evaluating a query are ...
The purpose of an inverted index is to allow fast full-text searches, at a cost of increased processing when a document is added to the database. [2] The inverted file may be the database file itself, rather than its index. It is the most popular data structure used in document retrieval systems, [3] used on a large scale for example in search ...