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Beyond the intellectual realms of political economy, history, and political science that discuss, describe, and analyze the bourgeoisie as a social class, the colloquial usage of the sociological terms bourgeois and bourgeoise describe the social stereotypes of the old money and of the nouveau riche, who is a politically timid conformist ...
The bourgeoisie, or bourgeois commune (i.e. municipality), is a local "community" that still exists in certain cantons, in which inhabitants originating from that specific commune, called "old bourgeois", as opposed to the new inhabitants, participate. This current bourgeoisie system, which can be traced back to the law on the communes of 1866 ...
[1] [2] To gain access to the bourgeoisie, they had to buy it. In addition to the sum of money, it was customary to pay for a "seillot" [3] and often a firearm. The bourgeoisie acquired services for free or at a reduced price. [4] [5] The bourgeois could be on the General Council and the Council of Two Hundred.
In 1938, with war on the horizon, Mussolini escalated a public relations campaign against Italy's bourgeoisie, accusing them of preferring private gain to national victory. [ 6 ]
The German bourgeoisie during the 1848 revolution did not strive to take command of the political effort and instead sided with the crown. [18] [19] Davidson attributes their behaviour to the late development of capitalist relations and uses this as the model for the evolution of the bourgeoisie. [20]
This word derives from the Dutch word fallen into disuse poorte, [6] city or place closed by walls, like the imposing stone houses that the rich bourgeois of the Seven Noble Houses lived in during the early days of the city, and to which was also given the name of "poorte" or "porta" in Latin, and whose synonym was "herberg" or "hostel" and ...
In the German compound word Bildungsbürgertum, the word Bildung denotes "culture" and "education" as defined during the Age of Enlightenment. [1] Bildung also corresponds to the educational ideal presented in the works of Wilhelm von Humboldt in which Bildung connotes education as a life-long process, not merely the acquisition of knowledge and training.
Portrait of a Burgher (c. 1660) by Lucas Franchoys the Younger. Burgher was a rank or title of a privileged citizen of a medieval to early modern European town. Burghers formed the pool from which city officials could be drawn, [citation needed] and their immediate families that formed the social class of the medieval bourgeoisie.