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The Mirai botnet was first found in August 2016 [2] by MalwareMustDie, [3] a white hat malware research group, and has been used in some of the largest and most disruptive distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, including an attack on 20 September 2016 [4] on computer security journalist Brian Krebs' website, an attack on French web host ...
Usually powered by a botnet, the traffic produced by a consumer stresser can range anywhere from 5-50 Gbit/s, which can, in most cases, deny the average home user internet access. [3] Targets of booter/stresser services include network gaming services. [2] [4] Motivations for the use of stresser services include revenge, extortion, and simple ...
Here, the code under attack is the code that is trying to check the parameter, the very code that might have been trying to validate the parameter to defend against an attack. [20] Any function that can be used to compose and run a shell command is a potential vehicle for launching a shell injection attack.
The Kelihos botnet is a so-called peer-to-peer botnet, where individual botnet nodes are capable of acting as command-and-control servers for the entire botnet. In traditional non-peer-to-peer botnets, all the nodes receive their instructions and "work" from a limited set of servers – if these servers are removed or taken down, the botnet will no longer receive instructions and will ...
Avalanche hosted its domains on compromised computers (a botnet). There was no single hosting provider, making difficult to take down the domain and requiring the involvement of the responsible domain registrar. In addition, Avalanche used fast-flux DNS, causing the compromised machines to change constantly.
Zeus is very difficult to detect even with up-to-date antivirus and other security software as it hides itself using stealth techniques. [5] It is considered that this is the primary reason why the Zeus malware has become the largest botnet on the Internet: Damballa estimated that the malware infected 3.6 million PCs in the U.S. in 2009. [6]
Conficker, also known as Downup, Downadup and Kido, is a computer worm targeting the Microsoft Windows operating system that was first detected in November 2008. [2] It uses flaws in Windows OS software (MS08-067 / CVE-2008-4250) [3] [4] and dictionary attacks on administrator passwords to propagate while forming a botnet, and has been unusually difficult to counter because of its combined use ...
Sality is a family of polymorphic file infectors, which target Windows executable files with the extensions .EXE or .SCR. [1] Sality utilizes polymorphic and entry-point obscuring (EPO) techniques to infect files using the following methods: not changing the entry point address of the host, and replacing the original host code at the entry point of the executable with a variable stub to ...