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Gene regulatory pathway. In genetics, a regulator gene, regulator, or regulatory gene is a gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes. Regulatory sequences, which encode regulatory genes, are often at the five prime end (5') to the start site of transcription of the gene they regulate. In addition, these sequences ...
Regulation of gene expression, or gene regulation, [1] includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA). Sophisticated programs of gene expression are widely observed in biology, for example to trigger developmental pathways, respond to environmental ...
Enhancers are sequences of the genome that are major gene-regulatory elements. Enhancers control cell-type-specific gene expression programs, most often by looping through long distances to come in physical proximity with the promoters of their target genes. [6] In a study of brain cortical neurons, 24,937 loops were found, bringing enhancers ...
The ATP7A gene is located on the long (q) arm of the X chromosome at band Xq21.1. The encoded ATP7A protein has 1,500 amino acids. [6] At least 12 disease-causing mutations in this gene have been discovered. [7] Mutations/additions/deletions of this gene often cause copper deficiency, which leads to progressive neurodegeneration and death in ...
Structure of a gene regulatory network Control process of a gene regulatory network. A gene (or genetic) regulatory network (GRN) is a collection of molecular regulators that interact with each other and with other substances in the cell to govern the gene expression levels of mRNA and proteins which, in turn, determine the function of the cell.
Enhancers control cell-type-specific gene expression programs, most often by looping through long distances to come in physical proximity with the promoters of their target genes. [39] In a study of brain cortical neurons, 24,937 loops were found, bringing enhancers to promoters. [ 36 ]
Genetic regulatory circuits (also referred to as transcriptional regulatory circuits) is a concept that evolved from the Operon Model discovered by François Jacob and Jacques Monod. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] They are functional clusters of genes that impact each other's expression through inducible transcription factors and cis-regulatory elements .
RpoS-dependent genes involved in changes in cell membrane permeability and general cell morphology mostly belong to the osm family of genes. osmB encodes an outer membrane lipoprotein that may play a role in cell aggregation (Jung et al., 1990) , [16] whereas osmY encodes a periplasmic protein. Additional RpoS-dependent factors that determine ...