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Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov [b] (22 April [O.S. 10 April] 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, [c] was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist who was the founder and first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until his death in 1924, and of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death.
Against the protestations of Nadezhda Krupskaya, Lenin's widow, Lenin's body was embalmed to preserve it for long-term public display in the Red Square mausoleum. [13] The commander of the Moscow Garrison issued an order to place the guard of honour at the mausoleum, whereby it was colloquially referred to as the "Number One Sentry". [14]
Refer to Lenin Collected Works, vol. 35, "Recorded Speeches" Record ⓘ 17: А-0291: 5th session / Tsentropechat: Concessions and the development of capitalism: 25-Apr-1921: Refer to Lenin Collected Works, vol. 35, "Recorded Speeches" Record ⓘ 18: А-0292: 5th session / Tsentropechat: Non-party men and Soviet Power: 25-Apr-1921: Russian ...
Although Ukraine and Russia were officially presented as two separate states at this period, the Ukrainian Soviet government was strongly influenced by Lenin's government in Russia. [ 175 ] In July 1918, Yakov Sverdlov informed Lenin and the Sovnarkom that the Yekaterinburg Soviet had overseen the shooting of the Romanov family in order to ...
The leaders of the Petrograd Soviet conspired to overthrow the Russian Provisional Government; the uprising started on 7 November 1917, when Red Guards units captured the Winter Palace. On the next day, 8 November 1917, the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets recognized the success of the uprising, and formally established the new government ...
Served as General Secretary from 11 March 1985 [52] and resigned on 24 August 1991, [55] [b] Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1 October [51] 1988 until the office was renamed to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet on 25 May 1989 to 15 March 1990 [52] and President of the Soviet Union from 15 March 1990 [56] to 25 December ...
Lenin's position was that after the revolution all nationalities would be free to choose, either to become part of Soviet Russia or become independent. [40] Left-wing Bolsheviks, most notably Georgy Pyatakov , derided nationalism as a false consciousness that was much less important than class conflict , and would disappear with the victory of ...
Lenin returned to Russia briefly during the Revolution of 1905, but fled again when the Tsarist authorities defeated the revolutionary forces and cracked down on dissent. Living in Paris and then Kraków , he focused on internal conflict within the Marxist movement, opposing the ideas of the Mensheviks and Alexander Bogdanov ; he penned ...