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There is a generally accepted definition for strategic thinking, a common agreement as to its role or importance, and a standardised list of key competencies of strategic thinkers. [7] There is also a consensus on whether strategic thinking is an uncommon ideal or a common and observable property of strategy.
Whereas strategy in the military sense is about overall planning, tactics refers to day-to-day events in a war. [1] A tactical objective is often an intermediate step to achieving an operational objective, and, as such, requires decision making and problem solving skills applied during the execution of the tactical plan as part of the ...
Encirclement – Both a strategy and tactic designed to isolate and surround enemy forces; Ends, Ways, Means, Risk – Strategy is much like a three legged stool of ends, ways, means balanced on a plane of varying degree of risk; Enkulette – A strategy used often in the jungle that aims at attacking the enemy from behind.
For instance, a meeting may be called to review a particular problem and to develop a solution for the problem. The Six Thinking Hats method could then be used in a sequence to first explore the problem, then develop a set of solutions, and to finally choose a solution through critical examination of the solution set.
A tactic is a conceptual action or short series of actions with the aim of achieving a short-term goal. This action can be implemented as one or more specific tasks. The term is commonly used in business, by protest groups, in military, espionage, and law enforcement contexts, as well as in chess, sports or other competitive activities.
The iteration of such strategies over the course of solving a problem is the "problem-solving cycle". [ 30 ] Common steps in this cycle include recognizing the problem, defining it, developing a strategy to fix it, organizing knowledge and resources available, monitoring progress, and evaluating the effectiveness of the solution.
Integrative thinking is a field that was developed by Graham Douglas in 1986. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is defined as the process of integrating intuition , reason , and imagination in a human mind to develop a holistic continuum of strategy, tactics, action, review, and evaluation.
An early literature review of problem structuring proposed grouping the texts reviewed into "four streams of thought" that describe some major differences between methods: [21] the checklist stream, which is step-by-step technical problem solving (not problem structuring as it came to be defined in PSMs, so this stream does not apply to PSMs),