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  2. Papal infallibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_infallibility

    The church teaches that infallibility is a charism entrusted by Christ to the whole church, whereby the Pope, as "head of the college of bishops", enjoys papal infallibility. [7] This charism is the supreme degree of participating in Christ's divine authority, [ 8 ] which, in the New Covenant , so as to safeguard the faithful from defection and ...

  3. First Vatican Council - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Vatican_Council

    Pope Pius defined as dogma the Immaculate Conception of Mary, the mother of Jesus, in 1854. [11] However, the proposal to define papal infallibility itself as dogma met with resistance, not because of doubts about the substance of the proposed definition, but because some considered it inopportune to take that step at that time. [11]

  4. Pastor aeternus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastor_aeternus

    The document defines four doctrines of the Catholic faith: the apostolic primacy conferred on Peter, the perpetuity of the Petrine Primacy in the Roman pontiffs, the definition of the papal primacy as a papal supremacy, and Papal infallibility – infallible teaching authority (magisterium) of the Pope. [1]

  5. List of popes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_popes

    Was of Roman ethnicity. Sometimes called Deusdedit. The first pope to use lead seals on papal documents, which in time came to be called papal bulls. 69 23 December 619 – 25 October 625 (5 years, 306 days) Boniface V BONIFACIVS Quintus: Neapolis, Eastern Roman Empire (Eastern) Roman citizen. Was of Roman ethnicity. 70 27 October 625 – 12 ...

  6. Infallibility of the Church - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infallibility_of_the_Church

    The doctrine of papal infallibility states that when the pope teaches ex cathedra his teachings are infallible and irreformable. Such infallible papal decrees must be made by the pope, in his role as leader of the whole Church, and they must be definitive decisions on matters of faith and morals which are binding on the whole Church.

  7. Pope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope

    In 1950, Pope Pius XII defined the Assumption of Mary as dogma, the only time a pope has spoken ex cathedra since papal infallibility was explicitly declared. The Primacy of St. Peter , the controversial doctrinal basis of the pope's authority, continues to divide the eastern and western churches and to separate Protestants from Rome.

  8. Temporal power of the Holy See - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_power_of_the_Holy_See

    Between 1798 and 1814, the revolutionary French government invaded Italy several times and annexed the Papal States (though the papacy was restored between 1800 and 1809). Napoleon Bonaparte abolished the pope's temporal power in 1809, incorporating Rome and Latium into his First French Empire. Pope Pius VII himself was even taken prisoner by ...

  9. Dictatus papae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatus_papae

    The title Dictatus Papae implies that the pope composed the piece himself. It does not mean a "papal dictate" or any kind of manifesto; rather, it means "papal dictation". It was not published, in the sense of being widely copied and made known outside the immediate circle of the papal curia.