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Algorithmic game theory (AGT) is an area in the intersection of game theory and computer science, with the objective of understanding and design of algorithms in strategic environments. Typically, in Algorithmic Game Theory problems, the input to a given algorithm is distributed among many players who have a personal interest in the output.
The book also covers more recent developments, including topics like floating point math, operating systems, and ASCII. The book focuses on "pre-networked computers" and does not cover concepts like distributed computing because Petzold thought that it would not be as useful for "most people using the Internet", his intended audience. [ 4 ]
XOR gate (sometimes EOR, or EXOR and pronounced as Exclusive OR) is a digital logic gate that gives a true (1 or HIGH) output when the number of true inputs is odd. An XOR gate implements an exclusive or ( ↮ {\displaystyle \nleftrightarrow } ) from mathematical logic ; that is, a true output results if one, and only one, of the inputs to the ...
Separately, game theory has played a role in online algorithms; in particular, the k-server problem, which has in the past been referred to as games with moving costs and request-answer games. [124] Yao's principle is a game-theoretic technique for proving lower bounds on the computational complexity of randomized algorithms , especially online ...
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
In byte-parallel hardware implementations this calls for either 8-input or cascaded XOR gates which have substantial gate delay. To maximise computation speed, an intermediate remainder can be calculated by first computing the CRC of the message modulo a sparse polynomial which is a multiple of the CRC polynomial.
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Some logic gates are more robust than others to a change to their inputs. Therefore, not all logic gate cards have the same strategic value. The standard edition of the game does not contain NAND, NOR, or XNOR gates, but these are found in the compatible upgrade (which is also a standalone game with identical premise). [2]