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is an approximation of mean solar time at integer expressed as a Julian day with the day fraction. l ω {\displaystyle l_{\omega }} is the longitude (west is negative, east is positive) of the observer on the Earth;
The lengths of time when the sun is up are longer around the summer solstice and shorter around the winter solstice, except near the equator. When the Sun's path crosses the equator, the length of the nights at latitudes +L° and −L° are of equal length. This is known as an equinox. There are two solstices and two equinoxes in a tropical year.
The United States Naval Observatory states "the Equation of Time is the difference apparent solar time minus mean solar time", i.e. if the sun is ahead of the clock the sign is positive, and if the clock is ahead of the sun the sign is negative. [6] [7] The equation of time is shown in the upper graph above for a period of slightly more than a ...
The winter solstice marks the shortest day and longest night of the year, according to the National Weather Service. This occurs due to the Earth's tilt from the sun.
Your local time zone in relation to UTC determines the time and even the date that the solstice happens for you. For instance, that’s 1:51 p.m. in Los Angeles, 4:51 p.m. in New York City, 9:51 p ...
At the time of the summer or winter solstices, the Sun is 23.44° degrees above or below the horizon, respectively, irrespective of time of day. Whilst the Sun is up (during summer months) it will circle around the whole sky (clockwise from the North Pole and counter-clockwise from the South Pole ), appearing to stay at the same angle from the ...
The solstice usually – but not always – takes place on December 21. The date that the solstice occurs can move forward or back by a day because the solar year (the time it takes for the sun to ...
The solar zenith angle is the zenith angle of the sun, i.e., the angle between the sun’s rays and the vertical direction.It is the complement to the solar altitude or solar elevation, which is the altitude angle or elevation angle between the sun’s rays and a horizontal plane.