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The biblical Book of Ezra includes two texts said to be decrees of Cyrus the Great allowing the deported Jews to return to their homeland after decades and ordering the Temple rebuilt. The differences in content and tone of the two decrees, one in Hebrew and one in Aramaic, have caused some scholars to question their authenticity. [19]
Among the classical Jewish sources, besides the biblical account, Josephus mentions that Cyrus freed the Jews from captivity and helped rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem. He also wrote to the other rulers and governors of the region, instructing them to contribute to the project. A letter from Cyrus to the Jewish people is described by Josephus: [11]
The Edict of Cyrus usually refers to the biblical account of a proclamation by Cyrus the Great, the founding king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, in 539 BC.It was issued after the Persians conquered the Neo-Babylonian Empire upon the fall of Babylon, and is described in the Tanakh, which claims that it authorized and encouraged the return to Zion and the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem ...
The last section of the chapter (and the whole books of Chronicles) relates Cyrus's edict, allowing the exiled Jews to return to their land and to rebuild the temple. The text could be based on Ezra 1:1 –3, but it was left as an open ending, with the appeal, 'Let him go up', which may serve as a link to the Books of Ezra and Nehemiah or as a ...
Choiceless choices" is a term coined by Lawrence Langer in his 1982 book Versions of Survival: The Holocaust and the Human Spirit, to describe the no-win situations faced by Jews during the Holocaust.
[1] Stargardt wrote that the book uses "a timbre that is clear and somber, the voice of classical realism". [2] Jack Fischel of the Jewish Book Council stated that Cesarani's thesis does not take into account how plans to deport Jews to Madagascar and alternate plans prior to the finalizing of the Holocaust would have killed Jews anyway. [4 ...
The Abandonment of the Jews has been well received by most historians, and has won numerous prizes and widespread recognition, including a National Jewish Book Award, [1] the Anisfield-Wolf Award, the Present Tense Literary Award, the Stuart Bernath Prize from the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations, and the Theodore Saloutos ...
Many survived the end of the war, hence becoming Holocaust survivors. Gelnhausen, Germany and Calw, Germany – reported judenfrei on November 1, 1938, by propaganda newspaper Kinzigwacht after their synagogues were closed and remaining local Jews forced to leave the towns. [3] German-occupied Bydgoszcz – reported judenfrei in December 1939.