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Vermiculite is a 2:1 clay, meaning it has two tetrahedral sheets for every one octahedral sheet. It is a limited-expansion clay with a medium shrink–swell capacity . Vermiculite has a high cation-exchange capacity (CEC) at 100–150 meq /100 g.
This is a list of insulation materials used around the world.. Typical R-values are given for various materials and structures as approximations based on the average of available figures and are sorted by lowest value.
An aerogel material can range from 50% to 99.98% air by volume, but in practice most aerogels exhibit somewhere between 90 and 99.8% porosity. [12] Aerogels have a porous solid network that contains air pockets, with the air pockets taking up the majority of space within the material.
Weight may cause ceilings to sag if the material is very heavy. Professional installers know how to avoid this, and typical sheet rock is fine when dense-packed. Will settle over time, losing some of its effectiveness. Unscrupulous contractors may "fluff" insulation using fewer bags than optimal for a desired R-value.
Lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) or expanded clay (exclay) is a lightweight aggregate made by heating clay to around 1,200 °C (2,190 °F) in a rotary kiln. The heating process causes gases trapped in the clay to expand, forming thousands of small bubbles and giving the material a porous structure.
Aerated concrete produced by the addition of an air-entraining agent to the concrete (or a lightweight aggregate such as expanded clay aggregate or cork granules and vermiculite) is sometimes called cellular concrete, lightweight aerated concrete, variable density concrete, Foam Concrete and lightweight or ultra-lightweight concrete, [17] [18 ...
2:1 clay minerals crystallographic structure made of three superimposed sheets of tetrahedra-octahedra-tetrahedra (TOT layer unit), respectively. The 2:1 layer (TOT) structure consists of two silica (SiO 2) tetrahedral (T) layers which are electrostatically cross-linked via an Al 2 O 3 (), or Fe 2 O 3, octahedral (O) central layer.
Vermiculite. Like perlite, vermiculite is a mineral that has been superheated until it has expanded into light pebbles. Vermiculite holds more water than perlite and has a natural "wicking" property that can draw water and nutrients in a passive hydroponic system.