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The format string syntax and semantics is the same for all of the functions in the printf-like family. Mismatch between the format specifiers and count and type of values can cause a crash or vulnerability. The printf format string is complementary to the scanf format string, which provides formatted input (lexing a.k.a. parsing). Both format ...
formatstring printf: items: Smalltalk: C: String.format(formatstring, items) Java: C: String.Format(formatstring, items) VB .NET, C#, F#.NET (format formatstring items) Scheme (SRFI 28) Lisp (format nil formatstring items) Common Lisp: Lisp (format formatstring items) Clojure: Lisp formatstring-f items: Windows PowerShell.NET [NSString ...
The first version interprets buffer as a format string, and parses any formatting instructions it may contain. The second version simply prints a string to the screen, as the programmer intended. Both versions behave identically in the absence of format specifiers in the string, which makes it easy for the mistake to go unnoticed by the developer.
String interpolation is an alternative to building string via concatenation, which requires repeat quoting and unquoting; [2] or substituting into a printf format string, where the variable is far from where it is used. Compare:
In the above example, the main( ) function defines where the program should start executing. The function body consists of a single statement, a call to the printf() function, which stands for "print formatted"; it outputs to the console whatever is passed to it as the parameter, in this case the string "hello, world".
A common use case is in constructing printf or scanf format strings, where format specifiers are given by macros. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] A more complex example uses stringification of integers (by the preprocessor) to define a macro that expands to a sequence of string literals, which are then concatenated to a single string literal with the file name ...
(Something like printf("%s", 12), which tells the function to expect a pointer to a character-string and yet supplies an integer argument, may be accepted by compilers, but will produce undefined results.) This is partially mitigated by some compilers (such as gcc) checking type correspondences between printf arguments and format strings.
Format is a function in Common Lisp that can produce formatted text using a format string similar to the print format string.It provides more functionality than print, allowing the user to output numbers in various formats (including, for instance: hex, binary, octal, roman numerals, and English), apply certain format specifiers only under certain conditions, iterate over data structures ...