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Iron is the most widely used of all the metals, accounting for over 90% of worldwide metal production. Its low cost and high strength often make it the material of choice to withstand stress or transmit forces, such as the construction of machinery and machine tools , rails , automobiles , ship hulls , concrete reinforcing bars , and the load ...
Most iron alloys are steels, with carbon as a major alloying element. ... White metal, (copper or lead); used as base metal for plating, in bearings, etc. Uranium
The main reason for adding nickel in ferrous alloys is to promote an austenitic microstructure. Nickel generally increases ductility, toughness and corrosion resistance." [19] Nickel pig iron is distinguished from ferronickel by the former's low weight fraction (4–10%) of nickel and high carbon content (>3%). In contrast, ferronickel is a ...
Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys. The earliest surviving prehistoric iron artifacts, from the 4th millennium BC in Egypt , [ 1 ] were made from meteoritic iron-nickel . [ 2 ]
The adjective ferrous or the prefix ferro-is often used to specify such compounds, as in ferrous chloride for iron(II) chloride (FeCl 2). The adjective ferric is used instead for iron(III) salts, containing the cation Fe 3+. The word ferrous is derived from the Latin word ferrum, meaning "iron".
The most common lightweight metals are aluminium [12] [13] and magnesium [14] [15] alloys. ... Ferrous metals are often magnetic, but not exclusively. Non-ferrous ...
At room temperature, the most stable form of pure iron is the body-centred cubic (BCC) structure called alpha iron or α-iron. It is a fairly soft metal that can dissolve only a small concentration of carbon, no more than 0.005% at 0 °C (32 °F) and 0.021 wt% at 723 °C (1,333 °F). The inclusion of carbon in alpha iron is called ferrite.
[2]: 112 Most alloy steels are low-alloy. The simplest steels are iron (Fe) alloyed with (0.1% to 1%) carbon (C) and nothing else (excepting slight impurities); these are called carbon steels. However, alloy steel encompasses steels with additional (metal) alloying elements.