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  2. Le Chatelier's principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Chatelier's_principle

    In chemistry, Le Chatelier's principle (pronounced UK: / l ə ʃ æ ˈ t ɛ l j eɪ / or US: / ˈ ʃ ɑː t əl j eɪ /) [1] is a principle used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on chemical equilibrium. [2] Other names include Chatelier's principle, Braun–Le Chatelier principle, Le Chatelier–Braun principle or the equilibrium ...

  3. Chemical thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_thermodynamics

    In most cases of interest in chemical thermodynamics there are internal degrees of freedom and processes, such as chemical reactions and phase transitions, which create entropy in the universe unless they are at equilibrium or are maintained at a "running equilibrium" through "quasi-static" changes by being coupled to constraining devices, such ...

  4. Equilibrium chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_chemistry

    The equilibrium constant for a full redox reaction can be obtained from the standard redox potentials of the constituent half-reactions. At equilibrium the potential for the two half-reactions must be equal to each other and, of course, the number of electrons exchanged must be the same in the two half reactions. [32]

  5. Extent of reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extent_of_reaction

    The extent of reaction is a useful quantity in computations with equilibrium reactions. [citation needed] Consider the reaction 2 A ⇌ B + 3 C. where the initial amounts are = , = , = , and the equilibrium amount of A is 0.5 mol. We can calculate the extent of reaction in equilibrium from its definition

  6. Chemical equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_equilibrium

    If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to partially reverse the change. For example, adding more S (to the chemical reaction above) from the outside will cause an excess of products, and the system will try to counteract this by increasing the reverse reaction and pushing the ...

  7. Thermodynamic equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_equilibrium

    Classical thermodynamics deals with states of dynamic equilibrium.The state of a system at thermodynamic equilibrium is the one for which some thermodynamic potential is minimized (in the absence of an applied voltage), [2] or for which the entropy (S) is maximized, for specified conditions.

  8. College Football Playoff: Which teams are in position for the ...

    www.aol.com/sports/college-football-playoff...

    The College Football Playoff cake is getting close to baked, which means much of the angst and anger of the past few weeks over hypothetical and projected scenarios have proved a waste of time.

  9. Gibbs free energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs_free_energy

    In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy as the recommended name; symbol ) is a thermodynamic potential that can be used to calculate the maximum amount of work, other than pressure–volume work, that may be performed by a thermodynamically closed system at constant temperature and pressure.