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The bulk of modern Slovakia was part of Poland from 1003 to c. 1031.The northern outskirts of modern Slovakia remained part of Poland before gradually passing to Hungary in the following centuries, however, in 1412 Poland regained portions of the region of Spisz with 16 towns by the Treaty of Lubowla, and retained the territory until Austrian occupation in 1769, and the First Partition of ...
Poland, [d] officially the Republic of Poland, [e] is a country in Central Europe.It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia [f] to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west.
Capitulation of Russian garrison of Smolensk before Władysław IV of Poland in 1634. Relations between Poland and Muscovite Russia have been tense, as the increasingly desperate Grand Duchy of Lithuania involved the Kingdom of Poland into its war with Muscovy around 16th century.
Welcome to the Poland Portal — Witaj w Portalu o Polsce. Cityscape of Kraków, Poland's former capital. Coat of arms of Poland. Poland is a country in Central ...
Poland–Ukraine relations revived on an international basis soon after Ukraine gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Poland was the first country to recognize the existence of Ukraine.
Poland and Lithuania established diplomatic relations from the 13th century, after the Grand Duchy of Lithuania under king Mindaugas acquired some of the territory of Rus' and thus established a border with the then-fragmented Kingdom of Poland.
In the 16th century, after the Counter-Reformation was launched and the Thirty Years War broke out in the German lands, Poland became a Roman Catholic stronghold. In 1683, the Polish army commanded by Polish king John III Sobieski helped to relieve the siege of Vienna and along with the Holy Roman Empire, ended the growing expansion of the Ottoman Empire into Europe.
The population of Poland decreased from more than 35 million in 1939 to less than 24 million in 1946. Of that, around 6 million were killed during the Holocaust, Porajmos, and German and Soviet occupations, while the remaining decline can be mostly attributed to altered borders and associated population expulsions of Germans and Ukrainians and resettlement of Poles.