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Badlands are a type of dry terrain where softer sedimentary rocks and clay-rich soils have been extensively eroded. [1] They are characterized by steep slopes, minimal vegetation, lack of a substantial regolith, and high drainage density. [2] Ravines, gullies, buttes, hoodoos and other such geologic forms are common in badlands.
Badlands National Park. The geology of South Dakota began to form more than 2.5 billion years ago in the Archean eon of the Precambrian.Igneous crystalline basement rock continued to emplace through the Proterozoic, interspersed with sediments and volcanic materials.
Badlands National Park was created in 1978. [58] The park features a highly eroded, brightly colored landscape surrounded by semi-arid grasslands. [59] Wind Cave National Park, established in 1903 in the Black Hills, contains an extensive cave network as well as a large herd of bison. [60]
The southwestern part of North Dakota is covered by the Great Plains, accentuated by the Badlands. There is also much in the way of geology and hydrology . North Dakota is about 340 miles (545 km) east to west and 211 miles (340 km) north to south, with a total area of 70,704 square miles (183,123 km²), making it the 19th largest of the 50 U.S ...
Badlands National Park (Lakota: Makȟóšiča [3]) is a national park of the United States in southwestern South Dakota. The park protects 242,756 acres (379.3 sq mi; 982.4 km 2 ) [ 1 ] of sharply eroded buttes and pinnacles , along with the largest undisturbed mixed grass prairie in the United States.
The word 'malpaís' in Spanish translates to "badland," and this describes the area as being extremely rough and difficult to traverse and unusable for crops.Although a malpaís is often another word for the badlands that form by erosion of sedimentary rocks in the same environment, a malpaís is often associated with such types of lava plain terrain as found in a volcanic field.
Oglala National Grassland is home to some of the most striking badlands formations in Toadstool Geologic Park, [4] near Crawford, Nebraska and Whitney, Nebraska. The Hudson-Meng Bison Kill, also located on the grassland, is an archaeological excavation in progress.
The presence of these four physiographic provinces gives the state great geological diversity. [5] [6] Rocks exposed in the southern Rocky Mountains are as old as nearly 1800 million years , [7] while some volcanic flows in the state are geologically very young. [8] An important geologic feature of New Mexico is the Rio Grande Rift.