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A camshaft operating two valves. A camshaft is a shaft that contains a row of pointed cams in order to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion.Camshafts are used in piston engines (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), [1] [2] mechanically controlled ignition systems and early electric motor speed controllers.
A crankpin or crank pin, also known as a rod bearing journal, [1] is a mechanical device in an engine which connects the crankshaft to the connecting rod for each cylinder. It has a cylindrical surface, to allow the crankpin to rotate relative to the "big end" of the connecting rod.
The cam can be seen as a device that converts rotational motion to reciprocating (or sometimes oscillating) motion. [clarification needed] [3] A common example is the camshaft of an automobile, which takes the rotary motion of the engine and converts it into the reciprocating motion necessary to operate the intake and exhaust valves of the cylinders.
The lower half of the main bearings are typically held in place by 'bearing caps' which are secured to the engine block using bolts. The basic arrangement is for each bearing cap to have two bolts, but some engines may have four or six bolts per bearing cap (often referred to as "four-bolt mains" or "six-bolt mains" engines).
Crankshaft, pistons and connecting rods for a typical internal combustion engine Marine engine crankshafts from 1942 The crankshaft is located within the engine block and held in place via main bearings which allow the crankshaft to rotate within the block. [3]
The simplest solution, as used in most road car engines, is for each pair of cylinders to share a crank journal, but this reduces the size of the rod bearings and means that matching (i.e. opposite) cylinders in the different banks are slightly offset along the crankshaft axis (which creates a rocking couple). Another solution is to use master ...
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An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine in which the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion chamber in the engine block .