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The civilian version of the KS-23 is the ТОZ-123 Selezen'-4 ("Drake-4") (ТОЗ-123 «Селезень-4»). It is manufactured by Tulsky Oruzheiny Zavod and features a smoothbore design, making it more similar to a traditional shotgun, and is chambered in standard 4 gauge. The first shotgun was made in 1995. [5]
However, the 3 + 1 ⁄ 2-inch (89 mm) 12-gauge shell, with its higher SAAMI pressure rating of 14,000 psi (97 MPa) compared to standard 2 + 3 ⁄ 4-inch (70 mm) and 3-inch (76 mm) 12-gauge shells with their lower pressure rating of 11,500 psi (79 MPa), began to approach the performance of the 3 + 1 ⁄ 2-inch (89 mm) 10-gauge shells with a ...
The radar-guided ZSU-23-4 "Shilka" SPAAG, with its four 23 mm (0.90") autocannons, was a revolutionary SPAAG, proving to be an extremely effective weapon against enemy attack aircraft and helicopters under every weather and light condition.
The "4 bore rifle" caliber's technical data was reissued by C.I.P in 1993. The latest revision of the homologation papers were released by May 15, 2002. [8] This standard and its variations are reflected in obsolete 4 gauge shotgun cartridges and their repurposing as modern 1-inch (25.4 mm) bore flare cartridges. [9] [10] [11]
The ammunition for VYa included fragmentation-incendiary, fragmentation-incendiary-tracer, and armor-piercing-incendiary rounds. The total weight and filling of HE rounds were more than twice that of the 20 mm ammunition used by the ShVAK and Berezin B-20 cannons. The armor-piercing round could penetrate 25 mm (1 in) of armor at 400 m (1,300 ft).
The main reason for the domestic scales different from international standards is the smaller prototype loading gauge and unusual gauges of Japanese railways: 600 mm (1 ft 11 + 5 ⁄ 8 in), 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) and 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) are used, along with standard gauge of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in).
B shot is 0.170 in (4.3 mm), and sizes go up in 0.01 in (0.25 mm) increments for BB and BBB sizes. In metric measurement, #5 shot is 3 mm; each number up or down represents a 0.25 mm change in diameter, so e.g. #7 shot is 2.5 mm.
23 mm caliber is a specific size of popular autocannon ammunition. This ammunition size has been widely used in many conflicts worldwide. Examples of armaments using it are: 23×115mm caliber, used on many Soviet and Russian airplanes; 23×122mm [1] 23×139mmSR